Hepatitis A

Hepatitis A is a strain of hepatitis, a disease that causes irritation and inflammation of the liver. It has an incubation period of 15-50 days with an approximate average of 28 days (CDC, 2012). The virus is excreted in fecal matter so most exposure occurs from fecal-to-oral activities or from cross contamination when an infected person fails to wash their hands after a bowel movement. The virus can also be contracted by shellfish that has not been properly prepared (Ontario Ministry of Health, 2012). Hepatitis A can also be contracted through sharing dirty needles (Health Canada, 2012).

Where is Hepatitis A most prevalent?

While cases can occur anywhere, it is much more common in areas with poor water and food hygiene. If you plan on travelling be aware what places are considered to be a higher risk at this time. Currently, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Africa, the Middle East, Central & South America, Mexico, and parts of the far east are considered to be at a higher risk (Health Canada, 2012).

Hepatitis A Facts

• Signs & Symptoms
• Treatment

Prevention

Simple prevention techniques are employed using diligence in hand washing and avoiding dirty water. Be mindful of any situation where you are in close quarters where transmission can occur rapidly, such as daycares or restaurants. If travelling be sure to avoid undercooked fish and meat, dairy products, and buying food from street vendors. It is important to remember that the virus can be transferred by dirty water and that it can survive in ice cubes. Water can be made safe by boiling for a minimum of one minute (PubMed Health, 2012).

Vaccines are available for this virus. You should consult with your doctor on whether the vaccine is right for you. Anyone with severe allergies or recovering from an unrelated illness may not be the best candidate. Side effects of the vaccine should also be considered; they can range from mild to severe. Vaccine side effects can include:

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